Apparatus for drying fertilizers.



Pa'tented Ian. I, leol.

J. J. SEL DNE R. APPARATUS FOR DBYIN G FERTIL IZERS.

(Application filed Mar. 15, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

q/vdnmay No. 664,903. Patented Jan. I, [90L J. J. SELDNER.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING FERTiLIZERS. (Application filed mi. 15. 1900.]

(No Model.)

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JONAS J. SELDNER, on BALTIMORE, MARYLAND,

NlTED STATES ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TO LEOPOLD STROUSE, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING FERTILIZERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 664,903, dated January 1, 1901. Application filed March 15, 1900- Serial No. 8,812. (N model.)

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, JONAS J. SELDNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drying Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for evaporating, drying, and comminuting various materials. It is also applicable to other purposes, such as collecting dust and condensing vapors.

I shall first describe the invention as applied to evaporating and comminuting materials and afterward point out severaLother uses to which it may be applied, it being understood that the-claims following the specification are intended to protect theinvention as applied to all purposes for which it is adapted. f

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure Us a longitudinal central section illustrating the me ferred form of the invention. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are sections respectively on the lines 2 2, 3 3, and 4 4. of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 illustrates a modification; and Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a second modification in end andside views, respectively.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, A in dicates a barrel or casing which is made up of a series of sections, each section consisting of a cylindrical casing 1, connected at its ends by flanges to frames or spiders 2, which frames have peripheries 3 resting on gears or rollers 4:, which support and rotate the cylinder. The barrel may be made up of as many sections as are desired, all of the sections being exactly alike excepting the end sections. The frames or spiders 2 have central bearings 5, in which is supported a shaft 6. The cylinder A is intended to be slowly rotated, while the shaft6, is intended to be rapidly rotated,

the pulley 7 being mounted on the shaft for that purpose.

Material within the barrel A is continually raised to its upper portion bya series of suitable blades or buckets 8, which may be varied according to the material to be operated or theespecial use to which the product is to be applied. In some'inand then dropped stances buckets which will hold a fluid will be used, while in others more blades or padmaterial raised by the paddles is struck as it falls by rapidly-revolving bars 9, extending between heads 10, which are supported on. the shaft 6 adjacent to the frames 2. material if liquidwill thus be dashed into spray, and if solid it will be broken up and pulverized. i

In operating upon solid damp material it is foundthat the material will accumulate on the inner wall of the cylinder between the blades or buckets, sometimes forming a coating so deep as to be flush with the blades. To prevent this, I employ heavy chains connected at their ends to the cylinder or equivalent devices, such as bars of metalloosely connected. Thus in Fig. 1 I have shown the chains 11, connected at 12 to the cylinder.

When these chains are at the bottom of the cylinder, they lie loose upon its surface. As they rise on one side they slide in one direction, and as they fall on the other they slide in the opposite direction, thereby tending to keep the surface of the cylinder clean. As the chains pass the top of the cylinder. they fall away from it and break away any material which may tend to accumulate between the paddles, which material drops onto the revolving bars 9. These chains or equivalent devices l have found very useful in op erating upon certainclasses of material. In

Fig. 5 I have shown in lieu of chains bars 13, connected by -loose links 14 to the cylinder. These bars will slide upon the cylinder excepting when passing their'uppermost position, when they will fall away and detach material, operating the same as the chains.

'lhematerial to be operated on is fed into a hopper-l5, Fig. 3, and passes into an annular space 16, inclosed by a'statiouaryjring 1.7, which ring rests on the support 18 and carries the hopper 15. The ring l7is'arranged between flanges 19 near one end of the barrel A. Between said flanges the barrel is providedwith openings 20,through which the material from the hopper passe's'into the interior of the barrel. Betweenthe openings and on the inner surface of, thebarrel are inclined blades 21, which movethe materihl inward to The- dles will be betteradapted for the work. The

3O inglend has a central opening which discharge into an annular space 26, in-

circular wall 27, which extends between two flanges 28 upon the outer side of the barrel. The upper portion of the space 26 is in communication with an exhaust-pipe 29, and the lower portion of said space communicates with a discharge-chute 30. This chute has an inclined bottom '31, which causes the material to slide to onev side of the chute, and that side has adischarge-opening closed a door 32, hinged at its upper side. i .The

y door 32 tends to close by gravity, and the succlosed by a tion caused by the exhaust through the pipe 29 also tends to close it. The chute 30, however, 'is sufficiently 'deep to cause the weight of the material which accumulates therein to open the door when the chute becomes full, or nearly so. The discharge end of the apparatus is therefore normally closed with the exception of the exhaust-pipe 29. The charg- 33, through which air or heated gas is drawn when the apparatus is used as a drier and through which vapor'to' be condensed or dust to be collected may be drawn when the apparatus is used as a condenser or dust-collector. The opening 33 is preferably provided with a screen 34 to prevent large pieces of hard material which might injure the machinery from entering. Various equivalent-devices may be substituted for the cage-like bars 9 and heads 10.

I dial arms 37 as a Thus in Fig. 5 I have shown spirally-arranged bars 35, carried by heads 36-. erate exactly like the bars 9, except that their spiral arrangement tends to feed the material toward the discharge-opening of the'cylinder. In Figs. 6 and 7' I have shown a series of rasubstitnte for the heads 10 and parallel bars 38 extending between said arms. Other forms of beatingdevices may be substituted without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

ward the .opposite end of The operation of the apparatus is as follows: When used for drying and comminuting solid materiah'such as animal matter for fertilizers, the substance is placed in the hopper. and gradually fed in through the openings 20. Hot air or the exhaust-gases from a furnace are drawn through theapparatus, and the current of air or gas, togetherwith the inclinedblades 21, moves the material tothe cylinder. The

buckets 8 constantly raise the" material and or in the opposite di ection.

drop it first upo upon the bars 9, either in the same (1 rection with the cylinder The material is the paddles 22 and then These bars op-.

hich are rapidly rotated thus simultaneously broken up and d ried,and

it is gradually carried through the cylinder,

the drier particles being more rapidly carried through by the blast on account of their lighterweight. The cylinderis sufiiciently long to insure the thorough drying of every particle of material before it is discharged through the openings 25 and the chute 30.

When the apparatus is used as a condenser of vapor, the vrpor is drawn in through the opening 33, and water in limited quantity is fed into the hopper 15. The water as it travels throughthe cylinder is dashed into fine spray by the bars or heaters 9 and thoroughly coinmingled with the vapor, which thereby becomes condensed and passes off with the water. In the same manner dust-bearing air or gas may be drawn through the cylinder and the solid matter collected by means of water The dust and water will find an exit through the hopper 30, while the air or gas which carries the dust will pass off through the fine 29.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent,

- 1. In apparatus of the class described, the combination with a rotatable cylinder, and rotatable heaters within the same, of anannular wall surrounding the cylinder near one end thereof, a hopper communicatingwith thespace between said wall and cylinder, a series of openings in the cylinder communicating with said space, and a series of inclined inwardly-projecting blades on the inner surface of the cylinder between said openings arranged to dire t the material longitudinally of the lcylinder.

2. In apparatd s of the class described; the combination with a rotatable cylinder, and

rotatable beaters within said cylinder, of a fixed chute below the discharge end thereof,

an annular wall surrounding the cylinder and connecting with saidchute, and a series of openings in the cylinder arranged to discharge the material into said chute, said chute having an inclined bottom, a discharge-opening, and a door for said opening hinged at its upper edge and adapted to close by gravity.

3. In apparatus of theclass described, the

combination with a rotatable cylinder, androtatable boaters within said cylinder, of an annular wall surrounding the cylinder and inclosing an annular space between said wall and cylinder, an exhaust-flue communicating with the upper end of said space, a dischargehopper communicating with the lower portion I of said space, a door, for controlling the passage of the material from the hopper, adapted to be closed by gravity and by suction through the exhaust-flue, and a series of openings in said cylinder through which gases and solid 'materials may pass respectively to said flue and hopper.

, 4. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a rotatable cylinder, with blades or buckets attached to the inner wall thereof, and devices loosely connected to the cylinder and extending longitudinally thereof between said blades, said devices being adapted to fall away andd'etach material from the cylinder-wall as the cylinder rot-ates.

5; In apparatus of the class described, the combination of-a rotatable cylinder, rotatable heaters within the cylinder, blades or buckets upon the inner wall of the cylinder, devices loosely connected to the cylinder and ar ranged between said blades .or buckets, said devices being adapted to fall away from the cylinder-wall by gravity and to discharge material upon the beaters, for the purpose set forth. 7

6. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a rotatable cylinder, with' blades or buckets attached to the inner wall thereof, and chains arranged between said blades or buckets, said chains being arranged to hang loosely betweentheir points of connection whereby material is prevented from accumulating between the blades or buckets.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JONAS J. SELDNER.

Witnesses:

JAMES A. WATSON, S. A. TERRY. 

